Yayin da farfadowar kasuwancin hajoji a duniya ke kara habaka bayan koma bayan tattalin arziki na shekarar 2023, farashin jigilar kayayyaki na teku ya nuna matukar karuwa. Wani babban manazarci kan jigilar kayayyaki a Xeneta, wani dandalin nazarin jigilar kayayyaki ya ce "Lamarin ya sake komawa ga rudani da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a teku yayin barkewar."
A bayyane yake, wannan yanayin ba wai kawai ya koma cikin rudani a kasuwannin jigilar kayayyaki a lokacin barkewar cutar ba, har ma yana nuna manyan kalubalen da ke fuskantar sarkar samar da kayayyaki a duniya.
A cewar Freightos, farashin jigilar kaya mai lamba 40HQ daga Asiya zuwa gabar tekun Yammacin Amurka ya karu da kashi 13.4% a cikin makon da ya gabata, wanda ke nuna mako na biyar a jere na ci gaba. Hakazalika, farashin tabo na kwantena daga Asiya zuwa Arewacin Turai ya ci gaba da hauhawa, fiye da sau uku daga daidai wannan lokacin a bara.
Duk da haka, masana'antun masana'antu gabaɗaya sun yi imanin cewa abin da ke haifar da wannan hauhawar farashin kayan teku ba ya samo asali daga kyakkyawan fata na kasuwa ba, amma yana faruwa ne ta hanyar haɗuwa da abubuwa. Wadannan sun hada da cunkoso a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Asiya, da yiwuwar kawo cikas ga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Arewacin Amurka ko ayyukan jiragen kasa saboda yajin aiki, da karuwar tashe-tashen hankulan kasuwanci tsakanin Amurka da China, wadanda duk sun taimaka wajen hauhawar farashin kaya.
Bari mu fara da duba cunkoson da aka samu a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na duniya. Dangane da sabbin bayanai daga Drewry Maritime Consulting, tun daga ranar 28 ga Mayu, 2024, matsakaicin lokacin jira a duniya don jigilar kaya a tashar jiragen ruwa ya kai kwanaki 10.2. Daga cikin su, lokacin jira a tashar jiragen ruwa na Los Angeles da Long Beach ya kai kwanaki 21.7 da kwanaki 16.3, yayin da tashohin Shanghai da Singapore su ma sun kai kwanaki 14.1 da kwanaki 9.2 bi da bi.
Wani abin lura shi ne yadda cunkoson kwantena a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Singapore ya kai wani matsayi mai muhimmanci da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba. A cewar sabon rahoton Linerlytica, adadin kwantena a tashar jiragen ruwa na Singapore yana karuwa sosai kuma cunkoson yana da matukar muni. Yawancin jiragen ruwa suna yin layi a wajen tashar jiragen ruwa suna jiran sauka, tare da koma baya fiye da 450,000 na TEUs na kwantena, wanda zai sanya matsananciyar matsin lamba kan sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki a duk yankin Pacific. A halin da ake ciki, matsanancin yanayi da gazawar kayan aiki daga ma'aikacin tashar jiragen ruwa na Transnet ya haifar da jiragen ruwa sama da 90 da ke jira a wajen tashar jiragen ruwa na Durban.
Bugu da kari, karuwar tashe-tashen hankulan kasuwanci tsakanin Amurka da Sin ma ya yi tasiri matuka kan cunkoson jiragen ruwa.
Sanarwar karin haraji kan kayayyakin da China ke shigowa da su Amurka a baya-bayan nan ya sa kamfanoni da dama ke shigo da kayayyaki tun da farko domin kaucewa hadurran da ke iya tasowa. Ryan Petersen, wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Flexport, wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki na dijital da ke San Francisco, ya bayyana a shafukan sada zumunta cewa, wannan dabarar shigo da kayayyaki na damuwa game da sabbin kudaden harajin babu shakka ya ta'azzara cunkoso a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka. Koyaya, watakila ma firgita yana zuwa. Baya ga tashe-tashen hankulan kasuwanci tsakanin Amurka da China, barazanar yajin aikin layin dogo a kasar Canada da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi kwangilar kwangila ga ma'aikatan jiragen ruwa na Amurka a gabashi da kudancin Amurka sun sanya masu shigo da kaya da masu fitar da kayayyaki cikin damuwa game da yanayin kasuwa a rabin na biyu na shekara. Kuma, yayin da lokacin jigilar kaya ya isa da wuri, cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Asiya zai yi wahala a ragewa nan gaba kadan. Wannan yana nufin cewa farashin jigilar kayayyaki na iya ci gaba da hauhawa cikin kankanin lokaci, kuma kwanciyar hankali na isar da kayayyaki a duniya zai fuskanci kalubale mafi girma. Ana tunatar da masu shigo da kaya na cikin gida da masu fitar da kayayyaki cewa ya kamata su sanya ido kan bayanan jigilar kaya tare da tsara shigo da su da fitar da su tukuna.
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Za mu iya samar da babban inganci tare da farashin gasa don tallafawa abokan cinikinmu.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-12-2024